Antimicrobial products kill or slow down the spread of microbes or microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi like molds. The antimicrobial effect of silver ions (Ag+) has been known for centuries. Silver has the natural ability to kill harmful micro-organisms, the ions have a very broad spectrum of activity and are extremely effective in controlling the growth of a wide range of micro-organisms. Before the development of antibiotics, silver was perhaps the most important antimicrobial agent. Silver compounds were used to treat stomach ailments, heal wounds, conserve water and much more. Silver fibers (like gold ones) were widely used in the manufacture of textiles, notably royal garments.

 

The inherent properties of textile fibers can favor the growth of microorganisms, and this phenomenon can be exacerbated by the presence of body fluids such as sweat, oils, urine, etc., and hot, humid environments. Microbial growth on fabrics can cause odors, create holes and destroy fabric integrity, cause staining and discoloration, and generally shorten the life of a fabric. As a result, silver nanoparticles have recently made a comeback in textiles for their antimicrobial properties.